Chinese handwriting is considered an art, more so than illuminated manuscripts in Western culture. Calligraphy is widely practiced in China, which employs scripts such as Kaishu (standard), Xingshu (semi-cursive), and Caoshu (cursive).[22] Chinese calligraphy is meant to represent the artistic personality in a way western calligraphy cannot, and therefore penmanship is valued higher than in any other nation.[23] Standard Script (Kaishu) is main traditional script used today.
In the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, there have been more efforts to simplify these systems and standardize handwriting. For example, in China in 1955, in order to respond to illiteracy among people, the government introduced a Romanized version of Chinese script, called Pinyin.[28] However, by the 1960s, people rebelled against the infringement upon traditional Chinese by foreign influences.[28] This writing reform did not help illiteracy among peasants. Japanese also has simplified the Chinese characters it uses into scripts called kana. However kanji are still used in preference over kana in many contexts, and a large part of children's schooling is learning kanji.[29] Moreover, Japan has tried to hold on to handwriting as an art form while not compromising the more modern emphasis on speed and efficiency. In the early 1940s, handwriting was taught twice, once as calligraphy in the art section of school curricula, and then again as a functional skill in the language section.[30] The practical function of penmanship in Japan did not start to be questioned until the end of the twentieth century; while typewriters proved more efficient than penmanship in the modern West, these technologies had a hard time transferring to Japan, since the thousands of characters involved in the language made typing unfeasible.[30]
rare books on calligraphy and penmanship mxcx
Science and psychology aside, it is always very aesthetically pleasing to marvel at someone's nice handwriting, especially with the modern technology forcing us to type, rather than write, thus lessening our penmanship skills. To celebrate these rarely seen masters, we've put together this list of exceptional calligraphy and handwriting styles from the penmanshipporn subreddit. Which one is the most exquisite? Vote or submit your own photos below--otherwise, if you're looking for more perfect symmetry, check out this perfectionists' list. And don't forget that mastering good handwriting can impress people as much as a firm handshake.
To make the study more extensively applicable, the paper analyzes various elements of the calligraphy art, including stroke, point (formed by crossing strokes), components (made up of strokes), the different carriers of Chinese characters and the different spatial layouts of calligraphy works. It also analyzes different types of calligraphy elements and summarizes the rules based on ideas of point-to-line, line-to-surface and plane-to-space in mathematics. According to analysis of calligraphy copybooks and reading, combined with math elements like perspective, proportion, center, and the curve function, the paper employs simple graphics and measurable data to present the obscure expressions and abstract concepts relevant to Chinese calligraphy. Thus, the practitioners can rely on the simplest mathematical knowledge to quickly master the skills of calligraphy, understand the important role of mathematics in art aesthetic, and take their understanding of calligraphy art to the next level.
Zheng Xiaohua is a calligrapher who lives in Beijing and teaches Chinese calligraphy in the Academy of Arts, Renmin University of China.He is the first Ph.D. graduate in the field of calligraphy in China. He has studied and practiced Chinese calligraphy for more than thirty years. He has published several collections and academic books about Chinese calligraphy. He has had many one-person or group exhibitions in museums and galleries both in China and abroad, including Japan, South Korean, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Israel, New Jersey, University of Michigan, and Georgetown University. He is the recipient of a number of national awards from different academic institutes, including the top national prize for young artists in China.He has been a professor and Deputy Dean in the Academy of Arts in Renmin University of China from 2002. His main academic and research interest lies in ink painting, Chinese calligraphy, and theories of Chinese art. He is also the co-founder and director of the Institution of Oriental Art in Renmin University. He serves as a board member and the secretary-general of the academic committee in Chinese Calligraphers Association. He is the directer of the International Calligraphy Education Foundation in Renmin University.
Molly Suber Thorpe is a hand lettering artist whose focus is on branding and editorial calligraphy work. She teaches Skillshare classes and in-person workshops, and is the bestselling author of two books about calligraphy. 2ff7e9595c
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